Lavos - Points of Interest
by the Chrono Compendium
2003-2006
with direct quotations from
GrayLensman
JossiRossi
ZeaLitY
and contributing discussion from many others
Introduction
Aside from the concepts time, dimensional travel, and the ability to change history, the driving force behind the stories and themes of the Chrono series has been an extra terrestrial invader that started it all. This being is Lavos, the powerful parasite who landed on the planet in prehistory to leech its energy, ravage its crust, and procreate to send spawn to the far corners of space to repeat the process. Though much is known about the creature, including its life stages, mode of operation, and lethality to lesser lifeforms, much more still remains a great mystery. Lavos's designs, origins, and thoughts remain enshrouded beyond the veil of Chrono series explanation, leaving Lavos's true purpose and mental nature a mystery. The actions of this beast have permeated the life of every human on the planet, whether directly or indirectly through history changed by Lavos's nemeses, the time travelers. In this article, the Chrono Compendium aims to address the full spectrum of mystery and fact concerning Lavos, including his biology, actions, and mysteries, in order to reveal a clearer image of the titanic adversary that set the events of the Chrono series in full motion.
I. Lavos Biology
A. Lavos's Origin
B. DNA Absorption and Life
C. Model Chronology
II. Lavos Issues
A. Lavos's Power
1. Real Life Equivalent
2. A DND Model
B. Lavos's Sentience
C. Eruption Pinpoint
D. Lavos's Temporality
E. Evolution to the Time Devourer
1. Binding to Schala
2. Destined Course?
Conclusion
Acknowledgments and Thanks
Contents
Lavos Biology
We begin with the biology of Lavos; before exploring its actual history, we will first seek to gain a clear understanding of its life cycle and composition. To undertake this, let's start at the very beginning of it all.
Lavos's Origin
Since many dive headlong into inquiries about Lavos's actions on the planet, the most fundamental question of all is sometimes missed. That is, where did Lavos originate? Two clear possibilities have emerged; namely, that Lavos was created by a sentient race, or naturally emerged. Concerning the first option, Lavos is possibly a biological superweapon built for the express purpose of achieving superior evolution and destroying planets. It may have grown beyond the creator's control, or be instrumental in a larger plan of galactic conquest through ravaging of worlds. Since Lavos does not directly communicate with the party, it is possible that Lavos and his species are under the control of the creators, who issue directives to them or simply genetically engineered them to undertake their craft according to precise measurements. However, as a plan for conquest, this method is very unproductive, as it leaves ruined natural resources in its wake. This enhances the attractiveness of the second option -- that Lavos is naturally evolved. Under this model, the Lavos species may have originally evolved as sentient beings on another planet; perhaps obsessed with improving their genetics, they used eugenics to create the Lavos frame, shell, and DNA absorption techniques, and then began a plan of space travel to fulfill their evolution.
The subject of Lavos's origin has interestingly never been addressed in the Chrono series, unfortunately relegating this matter to a mystery until a new itineration in the series arrives.
DNA Absorption and Life
Lavos's primary source of sustenance is the power of the planet; however, its source of that which fulfills its purpose is the DNA and genetics of all living beings on, above, or below its surface. As Lavos is a being capable of powerful magic (the manipulation of the four basic elements of the universe), it probably accomplishes this through its careful and directed use. But what are the specifics? One possible method follows.
Lavos used the planets life forms as experimental test subjects. Lavos' genetic manipulations had a dual purpose: 1.) discover new, superior genetic traits and 2.) determine how to incorporate these traits into its genetic code. Lavos did not have the ability to invent new genetic traits from scratch. If Lavos knew of a superior trait, and how to insert that trait into a species' genome, it would simply insert the gene into itself. Only by observing the evolution of the earth's lifeforms could Lavos improve its own fitness. Lavos would have inserted genes coding for traits it already possessed, or knew of from its past travels, into the earths lifeforms. This would involve inserting DNA sequences into cells at random, most likely requiring many attempts before producing viable results. Over time, random genetic mutation and natural selection would produce new, improved variants of that trait. But, after identifying a beneficial trait, it is very difficult, if not impossible, to determine exactly what combination of genes are responsible for it. Lavos would have to maintain a control group without any genetic modification, so it could compare the genomes of similar species, and identify the key genes.
For example, take the ability to use magic in humans. Lavos took a trait which it already possessed, and transfered it to humans by inserting parts of its own DNA into the human genome. The control group, with no genetic modifications, are the Earthbound ones. The modified humans carrying Lavos' initial genetic modifications would comprise the Enlightened ones. Their ability to use magic is a recessive trait. The humans who had evolved beyond Lavos' original genetic trait would be the innate magic users, such as the Zealian Royal family. It is their DNA which Lavos would incorporate into its own genome. All the improvements in turn are passed on to the Lavos spawns. This also presents the possibility that all life on earth contains some of Lavos' DNA, which is implied in Chrono Cross. A computer notes in Chronopolis that humans can almost be considered foreign to the planet due to mutation from Lavos.
Now that DNA absorption is wrapped, we can explore the other two pinnacle events of Lavos's tenure on the planet -- its eruption and spawning of a new generation. For instance, what determines the point at which Lavos erupts? A very logical answer lies in wait for those asking this question. Why did Lavos destroy Zeal in 12000 B.C., and then gut the world in 1999 A.D.? What prevented him from destroying the world fully in the past?
Zeal was significantly draining his power through the Mammon Machine; when the device was moved to the bottom of the ocean floor, the leeching was sufficient to cause concern for Lavos, who obliterated the perpetrators. In 1999 A.D., human civilization was probably nearing a level of technology that could possibly challenge Lavos. Also, it is probably that a few hundred years down the road, Chronopolis might come to pass (or another temporal research facility that could strike Lavos with a time-based strategy). Lavos destroyed humanity at this moment in order to prevent any possible threats. However, unlike the case in Zeal, where Lavos only had to destroy a floating country, here Lavos exploded the entire surface of the planet to completely render civilization derelict. This also allowed the planet to serve as his spawning grounds without interruption; he subsequently reproduced asexually at Death Peak, where the spawns roamed. Eventually, after absorbing a certain amount of power, they were to leave the planet and seek out other targets in the galaxy. This process was interrupted when history was changed so that they never existed.
Model Chronology
Now that we have explored important events in the life of Lavos, we can assemble a chronology of a Lavos history. All age units are in years.
- Age 0 - Lavos spawn is birthed on a ruined planet by a Lavos adult, perhaps briefly existing as the exposed core unit pod as the shell begins developing.
- Age 300~400 - Lavos spawn, with parent's genes, departs from the ruined planet to locate another planet; the shell and magic ability are sufficiently developed to handle the physics of space travel.
- Age Unknown - Lavos spawn has traveled innumerable years in search of a new host planet; upon finding it, it alters its course through magic and assumes a velocity sufficient to break the planet's crust. Upon doing so, it sets up a Pocket Dimension (see PD theory later in the article) and begins maturation, DNA control, and energy leeching.
- Intermediate Period - Lavos adult absorbs energy from the planet within a timeframe of its arrival to the threat of a predator evolving topside. This does not necessarily mean that THE Lavos is 65 million years old; it may have absorbed energy across all time periods between 65000000 B.C. and 1999 A.D. through the Pocket Dimension before destroying civilization in 1999 A.D. when mature enough to do so to prevent any incursions.
- Age Unknown - Lavos adult emerges from the Pocket Dimension, breaking through the crust and dispatching any intelligent civilization on the verge of discovering technology or magic that could pose a threat. Lavos adult then proceeds to spawn.
- Age Unknown - Lavos adult possibly remains dormant as its spawn depart the ruined planet; little information is known about elderly members of the Lavos species. Final DNA may be used to form the ultimate resulting being (which was done anyway as defense against Crono and his group in the Keystone Dimension), whose agenda is unknown.
The result is a fully evolved being thousands or millions of years old. One indeterminate part of its age is the interstellar journey to find a planet; at slower than light speeds, a journey could take thousands of years, but since time travel is possible in the Chrono series, faster than light travel probably is as well. The only other fuzzy aspect of its age is whether statements in Chrono Trigger are to be interpreted literally or taken with logical application of the Pocket Dimension theory. Under a fundamental reading, Lavos would be over 65 million years old, though with the Pocket Dimension in mind, Lavos could simply absorb time over a period of 65 million years while aging relatively quickly in the Pocket Dimension, which would be indifferent to the normal flow of time. The PD theory will be presented later in this article, but another theory pertinent here is Time Error, addressed in Principles of Time and Dimensional Travel. The other open-ended question concerning Lavos's history is what the mature adult does after spawning and destroying its host planet's crust. The issue of Death Peak's existence (covered later) may apply here, suggesting that Lavos essentially remains dormant and inactive after erupting. The alternative is that Lavos departs for a new host with the spawn, which might place him in competition with other members of the species. Lavos might be at a disadvantage to its children here, simply because the new spawn would innately have all the optimal traits harvested by Lavos.
Lavos Issues
Now that we have a clear understanding of the life of a Lavos being, we can explore special topics and issues related to the tenure of Lavos on the planet of the Chrono series. We can safely start with simple matters and move on to more complicated subjects, including the temporal nature and powers of Lavos and its sentience. We'll begin with his power.
Lavos's Power
Real Life Equivalent
One interesting question is whether Lavos's power can be equaled to real life units of destructive force. A basic comparison of events allows this.
1.) In 65 million BC, Lavos impacted the surface of the earth at meteoric speed, creating a fireball that covered most of the continent and caused a global climactic change that lasted for millions of years. This explosion is similar to the K-T Meteor impact, which is estimated to have released energy equivalent to 100 trillion Tons of TNT. Additionally, this impact is theorized to have happened in 65 million BC in our own history by Luis Alvarez, lending credibility to this idea.
For comparison, the most powerful hydrogen bomb ever produced had a yield of 50 million Tons, and the total world nuclear arsenal has a combined yield of approximately 5 billion Tons. The explosion of Krakatoa, the most violent volcanic eruption in recorded history, released energy equivalent to 200 million Tons.
Lavos, a biological organism, survived this impact with no apparent injury.
2.) In 1999 AD, Lavos destroyed the surface of the earth in preparation for reproduction. It caused sufficient damage to destroy human civilization and significantly change the geography of the planet. This required several orders of magnitude more energy than was released in Lavos' impact, which was produced (presumably) by its magical power alone.
3.) Lavos also destroyed the Zeal Kingdom, the Black Omen and Magus' Castle (?) using magic attacks equivalent to many millions of Tons of TNT.
Together, these three observations can provide a rough estimate of Lavos's power: it is off the scale!
A DND Model
A user named Fieari has created a template for Lavos under Dungeons and Dragon rules. The full results can be found here. It operates on the expansion of a Tarrasque, and sticks stringently within the established DnD ruleset.
Lavos's Sentience
Another question often raised is whether Lavos is truly sentient and intelligent, or is merely an instinctual animal. The main basis of this argument is that Lavos has no dialogue or never displays any cognitive reasoning in the games. The only two references to its mental capacities occur in Trigger and Cross; Queen Zeal mentions that Lavos's reign is an eternal nightmare, while later Schala is explained as being corrupted by the raw hatred and anguish of the Time Devourer she was bound to at the Darkness Beyond Time. Under the idea of no sentience, Lavos's temporal disruptions would be explained as merely a behavioral byproduct. The main aspect of the creature suggesting sentience, conversely, is the manipulation and dissemination of millions of years worth of DNA, and also the subtle control of evolution on the planet. While in an infinite universe, it may fall within an extreme realm of possibility for a being such as Lavos to evolve, become cognizant of space, DNA, and magic without ever attaining sentience, and also effect plans that increase its evolution through self eugenics, this likelihood is remote. Furthermore, in Chrono Cross, the Time Devourer wants to devour the space-time continuum out of a pure desire for revenge, a higher emotion. The Frozen Flame also displays sentience, as it communicates to characters on Terra Tower in Chrono Cross the Time Devourer's discouraging and enmitous thoughts.
In any event, Lavos simply may not communicate to the party due to its intelligence existing on a higher magnitude. In the Ethics of Lavos article, it is speculated that Lavos is not committing evil in killing humans, because they are essentially bacteria to the space creature. The Frozen Flame is also established as the only communicable link with Lavos in Chrono Cross, and does perform that function within the game. However, it should be noted that Queen Zeal also was able to form some type of bond with the being in Chrono Trigger; this evidence can be used for either side of the argument: she might have been appeasing a savage beast with the treat of magic, or might have truly conspired intelligently with the creature to devour more energy or DNA from the planet and its life.
The implications of Lavos's sentience are also discussed in The Ethics of Lavos.
Eruption Pinpoint
One question that often is raised in discussion is the exact location of Lavos's eruption. Before going on, it's important to note that the 1999 A.D. map presented in Chrono Trigger in the Day of Lavos recording is not reliable. This is because it was created with the 600 / 1000 A.D. maps in design, mimicking exactly the configuration of the continents during those eras. However, the 2300 A.D. map indicates a largely different arrangement. Medina has seemingly rotated to the upper left counterclockwise to link with northern Zenan, whose left shore has eroded. This rotation does not include the area where Melchior's Hut was situated, as it now contains the Keeper's Dome and Sewer Access. Southern Zenan is largely missing, though evidence suggests it still existed before the apocalypse (the presence of a ruined skyscraper at the Sun Palace, which rose from the ocean floor). Apparently, Lavos's eruption decimated southern Zenan. Lastly, the continent of Choras is almost completely wiped out, save for the Geno Dome, suggesting that it also underwent duress from Lavos's eruption. Here is the full comparison of eras; it illustrates the discrepancy:
With these points cleared, JossiRossi attempted to locate the exact site of Lavos's eruption on the 2300 A.D. map to provide a reference and estimation of proximity to Death Peak. He firstly placed the 1999 A.D. map over the 2300 A.D. layout.
Then, we can judge where Lavos erupted from the Day of Lavos recording itself (or a confrontation with Lavos in normal gameplay).
The location is around 5 to 7 tiles above Death Peak, which roughly correlates. Death Peak appeared only after Lavos erupted. It is very spiky in its appearance; Belthasar also remarks that Lavos reigns atop the peak, where it spawns new creatures soon to depart the planet in search of new homes. Judging from these facts, it is somewhat logical to conclude that Death Peak is Lavos's shell on the surface with three hundred years of accumulated matter on top. The spawn appear directly on Death Peak from within Lavos's shell. Sadly, there is not a direct statement to corroborate this assumption, but an explanation still exists -- specifically, that Lavos, after breaking the planet's crust, caused an upward magma flow that created a new mountain at the site of the appearance.
Lavos's Temporality
This lastly brings us to the nature of Lavos's temporal powers and existence. Lavos seems to exert certain powers over time and space, able to create distortions and disruptions. Lavos created the anomalistic gates that neutralized the Gurus and Janus in the Lavos timeline, presumably caused the massive distortion at Magus's Lair, and also seems to perpetrate other effects consisting of a blue field around the being. Lavos's powers and other irregularities are adeptly explained by the Pocket Dimension theory, supplemented by Time Error. The theory appears here, taken from Principles of Time and Dimensional Travel.
Lavos displays some strange behavior. If the travelers defeat the shell and warp into the past, the shell is still defeated. A strange blue aura surrounds Lavos during the Ocean Palace disaster and the final battle. Lavos Core is able to open time warps to different eras. Lavos also appears to have knowledge of the future; during the final battle it emulate the fighting techniques of Guardian, which exists in 2300 AD. A possible explanation is that Lavos exists within a pocket dimension or "time bubble" which transcends time. When Lavos arrived on earth in 65 million BC, it created a pocket dimension separate from normal space time. A wormhole connects the pocket dimension to every time period. This pocket dimension would exhibit a flow of Time Error; Lavos could access any time period he wished from the wormhole, and would remain constant no matter which era his pocket dimension might be accessed from. Lavos' time axis would be perpendicular to the normal flow of time. Lavos ages within the pocket dimension at a normal rate, but it appears to be the same from any given time period. For example, if Lavos had existed within the pocket dimension for six million years, it would appear to be six million years old from every time period. Anything done to Lavos from one time period, such as defeating the core, would be visible from all other time periods as well. Therefore, if the shell is defeated, Lavos appears to have no shell from each time period.
Lavos is not actually physically present within the earth. The wormhole aperture is located at the earth's core, giving Lavos access to the planet's energy and lifeforms. During the Day of Lavos or the Ocean Palace disaster, the wormhole ascends to the surface, causing a dimensional disturbance. The wormhole offers an uninterrupted view of the pocket dimension, creating the illusion of Lavos' presence. If one approaches Lavos, and passes through the wormhole, the interior of the pocket dimension has appearance of the blue aura which surrounds Lavos. During the Ocean Palace Disaster, Queen Zeal, Magus and the others warp into the pocket dimension. During the final battle, Crono battles Lavos in the pocket dimension. Lavos core is able to open time warps to different times, because it is connected to those eras through the wormhole. The aperture of the wormhole gives a distorted view of the time period being accessed. Lavos is also able to survey the entire timeline and would have knowledge of, for example, Guardian's fighting style. After Lavos dies, the pocket dimension no longer connects to space-time, but the past Lavos exists on a separate timeline.
There is merely one issue with the Pocket Dimension theory -- even if you defeat Lavos's shell in 1999 A.D. before completing the Zeal segment of Chrono Trigger, you can clearly see Lavos's shell intact during his eruption at the Ocean Palace. Additionally, after that segment transpires, if you travel to 1999 A.D. again, Lavos will not have his shell. This renders the 12000 B.C. encounter an anomaly. One possible explanation that works with the game is that the player was not supposed to beat Lavos at the Ocean Palace. This is true because the player must lose to forward the plot of the game.
Another inquiry concerning the Pocket Dimension reads, "if Lavos could observe the eras, why didn't he notice Crono and his crew traveling through time on a mission to defeat him and take action?" The simple answer is that to Crono and the history of the world, Lavos had already erupted in 1999 A.D. at the height of his power. Since Crono and his group most likely confronted Lavos at this time, it would be most convenient for Lavos to simply wait for them and battle at the time of his eruption. Alternatively, if the Black Omen is defeated, the player can seemingly enter the Pocket Dimension from 12000 B.C. The principles behind the PD theory state that it would regardless be at its same power no matter which era it would be accessed from.
Evolution to the Time Devourer
After Lavos was dispatched by the heroes of time, he somehow merged with Schala at the Darkness Beyond Time, the sort of temporal waste basket for discarded timelines. This created a new being, the Time Devourer, which, once matured, would be able to devour all time and space. This dilemma caused the basis for Chrono Cross, and also wrote a new chapter in the history of the being. Bent on hatred for humanity and a pervasive desire for revenge, the Time Devourer looked forward to its maturity. But how did it bind with Schala in the first place?
Binding to Schala
Many have often wondered how Lavos was able to bind with Schala, considering he was outright defeated at the end of Chrono Trigger. Some posed the idea of a Lavos spawn being the perpetrator rather than Lavos itself, but this is not supported in the script. The answer lies within the nature of the Darkness Beyond Time. We already know that due to a horrible distortion in the Ocean Palace, Schala was shunted to the Darkness Beyond Time as a physical object (not rewritten history) and left there. Now, considering the Pocket Dimension Theory, there existed a future within the Pocket Dimension of Lavos in which he had already destroyed the world and proceeded to spawn. When Crono and the group defeated Lavos directly at 1999 A.D. and later inside the Pocket Dimension, it nullified this future, sending it to the Darkness Beyond Time. The explanation goes, Lavos was able to use Schala, a physical object in the DBT, to somehow prevent its nullification and achieve a physical existence there. The anomalistic nature of the binding and the unique vantage from the Darkness Beyond Time afforded it the capacity to become a Time Devourer.
This primarily relies on established theories regarding time not directly stated in the games, but one more facet reinforces this theory. If you are not familiar with the supposed lost, overarching storyline of Chrono Cross, please read Chrono_Cross_(Lost_Storyline_of). This scenario would reinforce Lavos's ability to interact with Schala. If she were an Arbiter, Lavos would have a direct link with her, and could presumably bind with her shortly after being defeated or as a backup plan. This causes an interesting inquiry, however. Was the Time Devourer an intentional creation from the original Lavos's perspective?
Destined Course?
In Chrono Cross, the Frozen Flame is stated to be a splinter of Lavos' shell which separated when Lavos crashed into the earth. Around 3 million BC, it was responsible for the evolution of human intelligence. It follows that the Frozen Flame could be involved with the manipulation of all life on earth by Lavos, but that is never confirmed. Though Lavos may have effectively used it as a backup plan in combining with Schala (and possibly Serge, if the "lost storyline" of Cross is true), the Time Devourer will still a being bent on revenge and desirous of destroying the entire universe, a plan contradicting its original role of procreation. Was the Frozen Flame a purposeful splinter?
1.) The fission of the Flame was an accident which may or may not have benefited Lavos.
If the Flame was not responsible for the majority of Lavos' genetic manipulations, there is no reason for it to need the Flame to advance human intelligence. We know that human intelligence resulted directly from contact with the Frozen Flame. If the Flame was not part of Lavos' plan, then the evolution of human intelligence was accidental and perhaps even opposed to Lavos' plan. This makes sense because the Zeal Kingdom--the direct result of human intelligence and supremacy--posed enough of a threat to Lavos that it had to be destroyed. If this is the case, the existence of the Flame may have been one of the factors which allowed Lavos to be defeated and the Time Devourer to be created, as opposed to all the other planets infested by Lavoids.
2.) Lavos deliberately created the Flame as part of its plan.
The Frozen Flame was the instrument by which Lavos manipulated the evolution of all life on earth, however the Dragonian/Chronopolean Researches only saw the need to document the evolution of humans. The Flame may have been an essential physical link between Lavos in the Pocket Dimension (which opens to the interior of the earth) and the biosphere of the planet. Evolution was manipulated through direct contact with the Frozen Flame, perhaps even through the release of biological agents. Additionally, option 1.) may have taken place, and Lavos decided to take advantage of the situation through this scenario.
Misconceptions
The situation with the Time Devourer cannot really be applied to the above discussion; here is why. The Frozen Flame conveniently also may exist as a backup plan utensil. The "lost" overarching plotline of Chrono Cross suggests that those who contact the Flame as Arbiters were susceptible to merging with Lavos as the Time Devourer or stopping the process. Following this idea, which suggests Schala was an Arbiter, the Frozen Flame could allow an eliminated Lavos to exact revenge by merging with Arbiters to become the Time Devourer. This is probably a very unique case, however, which negates its ability to be considered in the above inquiry. It is truly unknown whether Lavos's eventual plan is to evolve into something capable of devouring space-time, and whether the Time Devourer was its grand plan after all, merely realized through a shortcut through binding with Schala at the Darkness Beyond Time.
Conclusion
The remaining enigmas of Lavos's life -- his true origin, purpose, and thoughts -- shall hopefully be revealed in due time, whether or not the planet parasite is the main villain of a new Chrono game. As the central adversary of the Chrono series, Lavos is a fixture of the mythos and takes a lofty position among RPG villains for being memorable, unique, and terrifying. While seemingly vanquished once and for all in Chrono Cross, if a new game returns, perhaps mysteries involving the creature -- or the bug itself -- will make a return to continue exerting influence over the lives of time travelers and heroes. Until then, I hope this article has heightened your knowledge and interest in Lavos!
Acknowledgments and Thanks
This article was created based on discussions held at the Chrono Compendium beginning in 2003. We are indebted to everyone who has participated in analyzing and discussing the Chrono series. Much of the discussion was finalized, rewritten, and presented in the article by ZeaLitY.
Since we've never credited the Chrono teams in an article before, I hereby offer a big thanks to Masato Kato, Yasunori Mitsuda, and the rest for sculpting all that we've come to love!
Lastly, thanks to Kishimoto Masashi for creating Rock Lee. The springtime of youth waits for no one!
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